Makuna mother and daughter washing manioc roots brought in from chagra cultivation plot prior to rubbing down on flint inlain board to make farinha flour and casabe. Tukano Makuna rio Piraparana Vaup...

Makuna maloca communal home Blocks of manioc flour ready for underground storage inside plantain leaves. Makuna child playing inside coil of leaves to form container with little girl standing at side...

Makuna headmans wife scraping clean roots of manioc in chagra or cultivation plot cleared and burnt in last year.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia cassava American Colombian Columbia Hispa...

Makuna head man and shaman Ignacio Valencia tending his tobacco plants outside maloca or communal home.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia American Colombian Columbia Hispanic Indegent Latin...

Venancio one of Ignacios sons planting manioc cuttings in the family chagra shifting agriculture cultivation plot.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia cassava American Colombian Columbia His...

Close-up of Venancio planting manioc cuttings in the family chagra cultivation plot.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia American Colombian Columbia Fiber Hispanic Indegent Latin America Lati...

Makuna man Venancio with dark red ochote painted face picking coca leaves in family chagra cultivation plot.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia American Colombian Columbia Hispanic Indegent...

Makuna man Venancio with dark red ochote painted face picking coca leaves in family chagra cultivation plot.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia American Colombian Columbia Hispanic Indegent...

Makuna mother carrying baby and with young daughter in front of her walking between malocas along unmade road through cleared and cultivated rainforest.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia fa...

Makuna mother carrying baby on her shoulders and basket of scraped manioc roots on her back.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia family American Babies Colombian Columbia Hispanic Indegent Ki...

Makuna mother carrying her baby son on her shoulders and basket on her back supported by head strap. Both wearing necklaces of white red and yellow glass beads.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western A...

Makuna mother and child with pet parrot. Both wearing necklaces of white red and yellow beads.Tukano Makuna Indian North Western Amazonia family American Children Colombian Columbia Hispanic Indeg...